立場新聞 2015/07/02 10:10
世界需要推動新的道德觀,而我恐怕這些觀念不會來自於在歷史洪流中不斷折中妥協的教會。我估計這些新觀念一定會來自延續伽利略、克卜勒、牛頓的傳統的科學家們。雖然受到挫折與迫害,這些人投入了他們的一生去證明宇宙是一個不需要人性化造物者的整體。真正的科學家並不受讚美、指責或教條影響。他揭露宇宙的真相,而人們自然會受到新的啟發:創造的規則、協調與壯麗!當一個人認識到支配宇宙驚人的定律是何等完美,他就會開始體會到他是何等渺小。他看見人類的野心、陰謀和『我比你優越』的教條是何等渺小。這就是他的一種宇宙宗教觀的開端;其道德教條就是友誼與人性。一旦失去這種道德根基,我們就要宣佈絕望。 [1]
我看不到任何人希望基督教就是真理的理由;如果其言語白紙黑字的意味著所有不信的人都會遭受永恆的懲罰,而其中包括我的父親、兄弟和幾乎所有的朋友,那麼這就是不值得信的教條。 [2]
到頭來,懷疑基督的神性,與愛你的鄰居如愛你自己的美德,是可以共存的。這兩種態度可以同時存在;我會說,我希望各位可以看到我的無神論科學同事在社會中保有良好的品行。 [3]
我指的是,如果上帝希望給我們一個信息,而祂能夠想像的方法就只是古代文獻,祂應該可以做得更好的。 [4]
你是否真的想說,行善的唯一原因就是為了得到上帝的許可和獎勵、或者為了避免祂的責難和懲罰?這不是道德,這只是攀附、討好,和因為天上那個偉大的監察鏡頭、或者在你腦海中的細小竊聽器在監督你的一舉一動,所以你害怕做錯事。 [5]
The world needs new moral impulses which, I’m afraid, won’t come from the churches, heavily compromised as they have been throughout the centuries. Perhaps those impulses must come from scientists in the tradition of Galileo, Kepler and Newton. In spite of failures and persecutions, these men devoted their lives to proving that the universe is a single entity, in which, I believe, a humanized God has no place. The genuine scientist is not moved by praise or blame, nor does he preach. He unveils the universe and people come eagerly, without being pushed, to behold a new revelation: the order, the harmony, the magnificence of creation! And as man becomes conscious of the stupendous laws that govern the universe in perfect harmony, he begins to realise how small he is. He sees the pettiness of human existence, with its ambitions and intrigues, its ‘I am better than thou’ creed. This is the beginning of cosmic religion within him; fellowship and human service become his moral code. And without such moral foundations, we are hopelessly doomed.
I can indeed hardly see how anyone ought to wish Christianity to be true; for if so the plain language of the text seems to show that the men who do not believe, and this would include my Father, Brother and almost all of my friends, will be everlastingly punished. And this is a damnable doctrine.
In the end, it is possible to doubt the divinity of Christ, and yet to believe firmly that it is a good thing to do unto your neighbor as you would have him do unto you. It is possible to have both these views at the same time; and I would say that I hope you will find that my atheistic scientific colleagues often carry themselves well in society.
What I’m saying is, if God wanted to send us a message, and ancient writings were the only way he could think of doing it, he could have done a better job.
Do you really mean to tell me the only reason you try to be good is to gain God’s approval and reward, or to avoid his disapproval and punishment? That’s not morality, that’s just sucking up, apple-polishing, looking over your shoulder at the great surveillance camera in the sky, or the still small wiretap inside your head, monitoring your every move, even your every base though.